F1 Keshav 3308

Crop Name	Tomato
Hybrid Name	F1 Keshav 3308
Segment	Acidic GS
Plant Habit	Semi-determinate plant habit with good foliage
Maturity Period	60–65 DAT
Characteristics	• Flat round-shaped fruits with highly sour taste • Good heat set • Excellent firmness
Average Fruit Weight	90–110 g
Climate	Tomato is a warm season crop. Optimum temperature for growth is between 21–24°C.
Sowing Window	Summer, Rainy, and Winter Season
Focused Market	KA, TN

Parameter

Description

Scientific Name

Solanum lycopersicum

Hybrid

F1 Keshav 3308

Soil

Tomatoes thrive in well-drained, somewhat fertile loam soil with good moisture retention. Sandy loam to
clay loam soils with high organic content are suitable. The ideal soil pH is between 6.0 and 7.0. Avoid
waterlogged conditions.

Land Preparation

Plough the field 2-3 times to achieve a fine tilth. Incorporate 15-20 tonnes of well-decomposed FYM or
compost per hectare during the last ploughing. Prepare the field into beds or ridges and furrows
depending on the irrigation method.

Spacing

90 × 45 cm

Climate

Tomato is a warm season crop that requires a warm and cool climate. Optimum temperature for growth is
between 21–24°C. Temperatures below 10°C and above 38°C can negatively impact growth and fruit set.

Season

Summer, Rainy, and Winter Season

Seed Rate

70–75 g/ha

Fertilizers & Manures

Type	Quantity / Notes	Additional Info
FYM	20–25 tonnes of FYM per hectare before the last ploughing
Nitrogen (N)	200 kg/ha	1/3rd of N as basal dose at transplanting. Apply the remaining N in two equal split doses at 30 and 60 days after transplanting.
Phosphorus (P₂O₅)	250 kg/ha	Entire amount as basal dose at transplanting
Potassium (K₂O)	250 kg/ha	Entire amount as basal dose at transplanting
Sandy soil fertilizer supply: Apply N in three split doses. The 1st dose of N should be applied along with phosphorus and potash. The 2nd dose just before plants take up active growth. The 3rd dose when the first flower clusters start setting fruits. Reduce N under high fertility conditions to avoid poor fruit set.

Irrigation

Drip irrigation is highly recommended for
efficient water use once in 3 days

Weed Control

Keep the field weed-free through regular manual
weeding

Any Special Crop Practices

Require support using stakes or trellises to keep
the plants upright, improve air circulation, and facilitate harvesting. Start staking about 30 days
after transplanting.

Diseases

Name of Disease	Symptoms & Management
Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (TLCV)	Transmitted by whiteflies. Use resistant varieties, control whitefly population by insecticides. Control: Acetamiprid 20% SP, Thiamethoxam 25% WG, Flonicamid 50% WD @ 0.3 g/L
Early Blight (Alternaria solani)	Fungal airborne disease controlled by fungicides. Control: Mancozeb 75% WP, Fluxapyroxad 250 G/L + Pyraclostrobin 250 G/L SC @ 0.4 ml/L, Metiram 55% + Pyraclostrobin 5% WG @ 1.5 g/L
Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans)	Severe at high rainfall; affects leaves & fruits. Control: Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP, Fenamidone 10% + Mancozeb 64% WP, Dimethomorph 50% WP
Bacterial Wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum)	Sudden wilting due to bacterial infection at root zone. Control: Copper Oxy Chloride 50% WP (2g/L)+ Streptomycin 90% + Tetracycline hypochloride 10% (0.5g/L), Copper hydroxide 53.8 % DF + Streptomycin 90% + Tetracycline hypochloride 10% (0.5g/L)
Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici)	Causes wilting of plants. Use resistant varieties and practice crop rotation. Control: Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP
Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas vasicatoria)	Brown to black raised spots on fruits; spread by wind and rain. Control: Copper Oxy Chloride 50% WP (2 g/L) + Streptomycin 90% + Tetracycline hypochloride 10% (0.5 g/L), Kasugamycin 5% + COC 45% WP @ 2 g/L
Root Knot Nematode	Stunted growth, yellowing of foliage, wilting, nodules on roots. Control: Fluopyrum 34.48% SC @ 300 ml/acre, Fluzaindolizine 1–2 L/ha, application of neem or pongamia cake 200–250 kg at land preparation
Tospovirus (TSWV)	Damage to leaves & fruits; transmitted by thrips. Control: Blue sticky traps, spray Fipronil 7% + Hexythiazox 2% SC, Spirotetramat 240 g/L
Collar Rot	Affects collar region; discoloration of stem, wilting. Control: Penflufen 13.28% + Trifloxystrobin 13.28% FS @ 0.5 ml/L, Pyraclostrobin 3.5% + Thiram 15% + Clothianidin 22.5% FS @ 0.5 ml/L

Pests

Name of Pest	Symptoms & Management
Tomato Fruit Borer (Helicoverpa armigera)	Caterpillar bores inside fruit and damages it. Control: Cyclaniliprole 10% DC @ 0.8 ml/L, Chlorantraniliprole 4.5% + Novaluron 11.5% + Emamectin benzoate 1.5% SC @ 1.2 ml/L
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)	Vector of TLCV. Use yellow sticky traps. Control: Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 1 g/L, Thiamethoxam 25% WG @ 1 g/L, Flonicamid 50% WD @ 0.3 g/L
Tomato Leafminer (Liriomyza spp.)	Leaf miner creates serpentine markings on leaves. Control: Cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD @ 1.8 ml/L, Chlorantraniliprole 8.8% + Thiamethoxam 17.5% @ 0.5 g/L
Thrips (Thrips tabaci)	Damage leaves & fruits; vector of TSWV. Use blue sticky traps. Control: Fipronil 7% + Hexythiazox 2% SC, Spirotetramat 240 g/L
Tuta absoluta	Adult lays eggs inside fruit; larvae bore inside and damage fruit. Control: Chlorantraniliprole 8.8% + Thiamethoxam 17.5% @ 0.5 g/L, Cyantraniliprole 7.3% SC + Diafenthiuron 36.4% SC @ 2 ml/L

Harvesting

Maturity: 65–70 DAP

Yield

60–65 t/ha

Disorder / Symptom	Description & Control
Blossom-End Rot (BER)	A dark, leathery, sunken area at the blossom end (opposite the stem) of the fruit. It usually starts as a small, water-soaked spot. * Maintain consistent soil moisture: Water regularly and deeply, especially during fruit development. Mulching can help conserve moisture. * Soil testing: If the soil is deficient, incorporate calcium-rich amendments like gypsum or lime before planting. * Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilization: This can promote vegetative growth at the expense of fruit development and calcium uptake Control: Application of CN @ 15-20 Kg/Ha or spraying of Anhydrous Ca EDTA @0.5-1 gm /ltr
Fruit Cracking / Splitting	Splits or cracks on the fruit surface, usually radial (extending from the stem end) or concentric (circular around the stem end). Maintain consistent soil moisture: Regular and even watering is crucial. Mulching: Helps regulate soil moisture and temperature. Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilization: Use a balanced fertilizer. * Harvest fruits at the mature green or breaker stage: Ripe fruits are more susceptible to cracking Irrigation management
Blotchy Ripening (Cloudy Spot / Gray Wall)	Uneven ripening with blotches of green, yellow, or red on the fruit surface. Internal discoloration and hard, grayish areas may also be present. Ensure adequate light exposure. Maintain balanced fertilization. Control: Use resistant varieties, control vectors (aphids), and practice good sanitation. Avoid root damage during cultivation
Yellow Shoulder (Green Shoulder)	The shoulder area (near the stem) of the ripening fruit remains yellow or greenish-yellow and hard, even when the rest of the fruit turns red. Choose less susceptible varieties. Provide some shade during the hottest part of the day. Ensure adequate potassium nutrition.
Cat’s Face	Mishappen fruits with enlarged scars and holes in the blossom end of the fruit caused by cool and abnormal temperature , disturbance to flowers , herbicide exposure Control: Avoid cool seasons and maintain adequate soil moisture.
Sun Scald	Whitish shiny blisters on the fruit which results in a sunken area that may become pale yellowish and wrinkled causes heavy pruning escepcially when the foliage cover is low or loss of foliage due to disease and coupled with high temperature Control: Carefull pruning and harvesting, good foliage disease control